Understanding Yeast Infections: Causes, Symptoms, and Effective Treatments

A yeast infection is one of the most common fungal infections that affects both men and women, though it’s more frequent in women. It’s caused by an overgrowth of a fungus called Candida, particularly Candida albicans. While Candida naturally lives in the body without causing harm, certain factors can trigger its overgrowth—leading to infection, discomfort, and irritation.

What Is a Yeast Infection?

A yeast infection occurs when the natural balance of microorganisms in the body is disrupted, allowing Candida to multiply. These infections commonly affect the vaginal area, mouth (oral thrush), skin folds, and sometimes the digestive tract.

In women, vaginal yeast infection (also called vaginal candidiasis) is most common. In men, yeast infections can affect the genital area, often causing itching and redness.

Common Causes of Yeast Infections

Several factors can upset the body’s natural microbial balance, allowing Candida to grow excessively:

Antibiotic use: Antibiotics can kill good bacteria that keep yeast under control.

High sugar levels: People with diabetes or high sugar intake are more prone to yeast infections.

Weakened immune system: Conditions like HIV or certain medications can lower immunity.

Hormonal changes: Pregnancy, birth control pills, or hormone therapy can alter vaginal pH levels.

Tight or synthetic clothing: Traps moisture, creating an ideal environment for yeast growth.

Poor hygiene or prolonged dampness: Can encourage fungal overgrowth, especially in warm areas of the body.